The Mechanism of the Impact of Export Trade on Environmental Pollution: A Study from a Heterogeneous Perspective on Environmental Regulation from China

The majority of the literature currently in existence on trade and pollution has concentrated analysis both factors’ combined effects, only a few studies have used heterogeneous environmental regulation as starting point to investigate underlying mechanisms impact export at indirect level. We construct mediating moderating effect model using panel data from 30 provinces China 2002 2019 mechanism pollution. Export produces large inhibitory effects through market incentive-based restrictions, whereas mediation impacts government administrative public monitoring laws are not significant. By interacting with elements such technical innovation energy structure, can also negatively regulate its bad consequences degradation. According heterogeneity analysis’s findings, processing indirectly reduces emissions by changing rules cutting emission costs, but general increases favorably impacting market-based incentives regulations. improving structures, industrial structure optimization, R&D competition diminish positive aggravating emissions, while opposite effect. means controlling harmful degradation is interaction progress.